Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Dynamic DNA Coding and Chen’s Hyperchaotic System

With the development of national information processes, specific image information from secret departments or individuals is often required to be confidentially transmitted. Numerous image encryption methods exist, especially since the initial value sensitivity and other characteristics of chaos theory and chaos theory-based encryption have become increasingly important in recent years. At present, DNA coding constitutes a new research direction of image encryption that uses the four base pairs of DNA code and image pixel values to establish a special correspondence, in order to achieve pixel diffusion. There are eight DNA encoding rules, and current methods of selecting the DNA encoding rules are largely fixed. Thus, the security of encoded data is not high. In this paper, we use the Lorenz chaotic system, Chen’s hyperchaotic system, and the DNA encoding combination and present a new image encryption algorithm that can dynamically select eight types of DNA encoding rules and eight types of DNA addition and subtraction rules, with significant improvements in security. Through simulation experiments and histograms, correlations, and NPCR analyses, we have determined that the algorithm possesses numerous desirable features, including good encryption effects and antishear and antinoise performances

The ribonuclease Dis3 is an essential regulator of the developmental transcriptome

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dis3 is ribonuclease that acts directly in the processing, turnover, and surveillance of a large number of distinct RNA species. Evolutionarily conserved from eubacteria to eukaryotes and a crucial component of the RNA processing exosome, Dis3 has been shown to be essential in yeast and fly S2 cells. However, it is not known whether Dis3 has essential functions in a metazoan. This study inquires whether Dis3 is required for <it>Drosophila</it> development and viability and how Dis3 regulates the transcriptome in the developing fly.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Using transgenic flies, we show that Dis3 knock down (Dis3KD) retards growth, induces melanotic tumor formation, and ultimately results in 2^nd instar larval lethality. In order to determine whether Dis3KD fly phenotypes were a consequence of disrupting developmentally regulated RNA turnover, we performed RNA deep sequencing analysis on total RNA isolated from developmentally staged animals. Bioinformatic analysis of transcripts from Dis3KD flies reveals substantial transcriptomic changes, most notably down-regulation in early expressed RNAs. Finally, gene ontology analysis of this early stage shows that Dis3 regulates transcripts related to extracellular structure and remodelling, neurogenesis, and nucleotide metabolism.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We conclude that Dis3 is essential for early <it>Drosophila melanogaster</it> development and has specific and important stage-specific roles in regulating RNA metabolism. In showing for the first time that Dis3 is required for the development of a multicellular organism, our work provides mechanistic insight into how Dis3—either independent of or associated with the RNA processing exosome—participates in cell type-specific RNA turnover in metazoan development.</p

Joining Technologies for Aluminium Castings—A Review

Aluminium castings have been widely used in many industries, including automotive, aerospace, telecommunication, construction, consumer products, etc., due to their lightweight, good electric and thermal conductivity, and electromagnetic interference/radio frequency interference (EMI/RFI) shielding properties. The main applications of aluminium castings are in automotive industry. For lighweighting purposes, more and more aluminium castings are used in the automotive vehicle structures to reduce weight, improve fuel efficiency, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, due to the features of cast aluminium, such as porosity, poor surface quality, a tendency toward hot cracking, and low ductility, joining these materials is problematic. In this paper, the joining technologies for aluminium castings and the related issues, mainly cracking and porosity, are reviewed. The current state-of-the-art of joining technologies is summarized, and areas for future research are recommended

Monitoring Suspended Sediment Concentration in the Yellow River Estuary and Its Vicinity Waters on the Basis of SDGSAT-1 Multispectral Imager

Suspended sediments have profound impacts on marine primary productivity and the ecological environment. The Yellow River estuary and its vicinity waters, with a high dynamic range of suspended sediment concentration (SSC), have important eco-environmental functions for the sustainable development in this region. The multispectral imager (MI) on board China's first Sustainable Development Goals Science Satellite 1 (SDGSAT-1) features seven high-resolution bands (10 m). This study employs multispectral imagery obtained from SDGSAT-1 with single-band and band-ratio models to monitor the SSC in the Yellow River estuary and its vicinity waters. The results show that SDGSAT-1 images can be used to estimate the SSC in the Yellow River estuary and its vicinity waters. The overall pattern of the SSC exhibits a notable pattern of higher concentrations in nearshore areas and lower concentrations in offshore areas, and the retrieved SSC can attain values surpassing 1000 mg/L in nearshore areas. The R2 values of both the single-band and the band-ratio models for SSC inversion exceed 0.7. The single-band model R(854) demonstrates superior performance, achieving the highest R2 value of 0.93 and the lowest mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 44.04%. The single-band model based on SDGSAT-1 R(854) tends to outperform the band-ratio models for waters with algal blooms, which may be used for inversions of SSC and/or suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the waters full of algal blooms and suspended sediments. The monitoring results by SDGSAT-1 suggest that the complex SSC distributions in the Yellow River estuary and its vicinity waters were highly impacted by the river sediments discharge, tide, currents and wind-induced waves

Mangiferin Enhanced Autophagy via Inhibiting mTORC1 Pathway to Prevent High Glucose-Induced Cardiomyocyte Injury

Mangiferin functions as a perfect anti-oxidative compound in the diabetic heart, however, the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we show the cardioprotective effect of mangiferin under high glucose-induced cardiotoxic condition mainly contributed to enhanced autophagy via suppressing mTORC1 downstream signal transduction. Primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured to detect myocytes injury, autophagy, and related signal transduction under different doses of glucose and mangiferin treatment. High glucose (30 mM) reduced autophagic flux, and increased myocyte apoptosis and death compared with normal glucose (5.5 mM) as determined by variation of autophagy markers LC3-II, p62, parkin, GFP-LC3, or mRFP-LC3 fluorescence puncta, cell viability, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved PARP apoptosis indices, reactive oxygen species (ROS), MAO, and PI death indices. Conversely, mangiferin inhibited hyperglycemia associated oxidative stress by reducing ROS, MAO, cleaved caspase 3, and cleaved PARP generation, reestablishing cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhancing autophagic flux, thereby preventing myocytes from high glucose-induced toxicity. Furthermore, cardioprotection with mangiferin was potentially related to the decreased mTOR phosphorylation and suppression of mTORC1 downstream signaling pathway. These data indicated the valuable effects of mangiferin on regulation of cardiac autophagy and pointed to the promising utilization for hyperglycemia control

Numerical Simulation of the Picking Process of Supernormal Jujube Branches

This paper elaborates on a digital simulation study on supernormal particle flow used to investigate and analyze the process of picking up jujube branches, which was a meaningful attempt to search for accurate and effective advanced numerical analogy methods in the agricultural field. In this paper, the meshless technology based on the element-free Galerkin method was used for the first time to present the effects of particle size, particle number and particle acting force on the movement of irregular particles, and the influence of the gear rotation speed, the feeding amount, and the jujube branch size on the movement behavior as well as the picking rate. It can describe not only the particles’ dynamic movement in the process of picking up jujube twigs, such as feeding, collision, throwing and rolling, but also the effect of the quality and shape caused by the particle size, which in turn affects the surface force of particles and interparticle acting force, thereby affecting the weight function in the analytical solution, the total feeding amount and the effect of the acting force resulting from the particles’ contact, roll and collision caused by gear rotation. The findings reveal that the digital simulation, based on the meshless Galerkin technology and Rocky software, is effective in dealing with issues related to supernormal particle flow. By eliminating the influence of geometric shapes on calculations, the method boasts an effective solution to the movement problems of irregularly shaped particles, which would be further applied in the agriculture field